The legality of marijuana is a complex and contentious issue, varying significantly across different regions and cities. Historically, cannabis was banned due to concerns about its psychoactive effects, but attitudes shifted in the late 20th century as advocates highlighted its medicinal benefits. California was the first U.S. state to legalize medical marijuana in 1996, sparking a wave of legalization efforts.

Supporters argue that legalizing both medical and recreational marijuana can provide therapeutic options, generate tax revenue, create jobs, and enhance personal freedoms. However, critics raise concerns about health risks, particularly for vulnerable populations, the potential for marijuana to act as a gateway drug, and issues related to public safety and productivity.

Globally, the legal status of marijuana varies widely, with some countries embracing legalization and others maintaining strict prohibitions. As of 2024, more than half of U.S. states have legalized medical marijuana, and an increasing number are allowing recreational use. The ongoing debate underscores the need for informed, evidence-based discussions about cannabis policies.